Pteranodon longiceps
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(Marsh, 1876)
MNHN.F.AMN151
Archosauria, Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Pteranodontidae
Upper Cretaceous, Santonian, 87 to 82 million years ago
Kansas, USA
Pteranodon is one of the largest members of the pterosaur group. Its wingspan could reach 7.5 m and its skull measured about 1.7 m in length.
Once airborne, it could glide for long periods and over huge distances, only occasionally flapping its wings. As a result, Pteranodon skeletons have been found hundreds of kilometres from the coastlines where it lived. Its wings were made up of a large membrane attached to its sides and forelimbs and supported by its highly developed fourth digit.
Its toothless beak was covered in keratin and served to catch fish. Its skull was surmounted by a bony crest, a characteristic that differs between males and females and which probably served as a means of courtship display.
Pterosaurs are not birds, but rather flying reptiles. They share a common ancestor with the dinosaurs, but are not part of this group. Unlike dinosaurs, they completely disappeared 66 million years ago.
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Reconstructed from several specimens.