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Cybium,
Revue
Internationale dIchtyologie |
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Does the GH/IGF system mediate the effect of water temperature on fish growth? A review Jean-Charles GABILLARD (1), Claudine WEIL (1), Pierre-Yves RESCAN (1), Isabel NAVARRO (2), Joaquim GUTIERREZ (2) & Pierre-Yves LE BAIL (1) (1) Équipe
Croissance et Qualité de la Chair des Poissons, Station Commune
de Recherches en Ichtyophysiologie, Biodiversité et Environnement
SCRIBEINRA, Campus Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes cedex, FRANCE. Abstract.
- In fish, as in all poikilotherms, growth is strongly dependent on
water temperature. Given that the GH/IGF system regulates growth, it could
mediate the effects of temperature on fish growth. Indeed, before hatching,
the higher embryonic growth rate in rainbow trout at high temperatures
is associated with higher expression of the IGF2 gene in the whole embryo.
Furthermore, post-natal growth fluctuations depend on water temperature
and are associated with variations of plasma GH and IGF1. Although seasonal
parameters such as photoperiod and nutritional status can also affect
GH/IGF system activity, it has been shown that an increased temperature
led to a specific increase of plasma GH. Moreover, this increase of plasma
GH leads to higher plasma IGF1 levels in correlation with the growth rate.
By contrast, plasma IGF2 levels as well as muscular levels of IGF1 and
IGF2 mRNA are not specifically modified by temperature. Thus, seasonal
fluctuations of water temperature affect growth rate through a direct
action on plasma GH and IGF1 levels. The mechanisms of this effect are
not yet elucidated, but could arise from modifications of metabolite levels
(glucose, aminoacids, fatty acids, etc.), which regulate GH secretion
directly or indirectly through somatostatin of pancreatic or hypothalamic
origin. |
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