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Cybium,
Revue
Internationale dIchtyologie |
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Feeding habits of Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae), in the Central Adriatic Sea Mate SANTIC (1), Ivan JARDAS (2) & Armin PALLAORO (2) (1) Faculty
of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Split, Teslina 12, 21000
Split, CROATIA. Abstract.
- The feeding habits of the Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus
mediterraneus from the central Adriatic Sea, were investigated with
respect to fish size and seasons. Stomach contents of 1200 specimens,
11.6 - 38.0 cm TL, taken at monthly intervals (January-December, 1996)
were analyzed. Of the total number of stomachs examined, 606 were empty
(50.5%). The proportion of empty stomachs varied significantly among size
classes and seasons. Maximum feeding intensity occurred during the summer
and in size class > 32.2 cm TL. The food composition suggests that
the Mediterranean horse mackerel is a carnivorous species. A total of
29 different prey species belonging to six animal groups were identified
in stomach contents: Crustacea (Euphausiacea, Mysidacea, Decapoda), Teleostei,
Cephalopoda and Polychaeta. Euphausiacea were the most important ingested
prey (%IRI = 90.1), especially in small and medium size classes (up to
28 cm TL). At the species level, euphausiids Nyctiphanes couchii
(%IRI = 69.7) and Euphausia krohni (%IRI = 16.4) were the most
frequent prey. Teleosts, whose proportion increased in large size classes,
were secondary food (%IRI = 9.1), while other animal groups were considered
as occasional food. The mean weight of stomach contents increased significantly
for fish larger than 26.1 cm TL, while mean number of prey items did not
differ among the size classes. There was little seasonal variation in
food composition. Euphausiids were dominant prey during all seasons, and
were especially abundant from summer to winter. |
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