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Cybium,
Revue
Internationale dIchtyologie |
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Recruitment of the dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea Pascaline BODILIS (1), Anne GANTEAUME (2) & Patrice FRANCOUR (1) (1) Laboratoire
Environnement Marin Littoral, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis,
Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice cedex 02, FRANCE. Abstract.
- Since 1986 the number of Epinephelus marginatus observations
along the French coast of the north-western Mediterranean Sea has steadily
increased. Observations collected in this study suggest a possible regular
recruitment each year since 1996 along French coasts. Although this recruitment
takes place in shallow water areas, small groupers (TL inf. or equal to
40 cm) have been observed deeper. These observations allow us to
propose an age-size relationship for the youngest groupers: 1 month old
- 2/3 cm TL; 10 months - 5/7 cm; 1 year - 10 cm. Conclusions
obtained from this study agree with previous parasitic and genetic studies
and confirm the double way of arrival of groupers along the French coast:
from Tunisia on the eastern part and from Morocco on the western part.
Other factors that could be responsible for the present breeding and recruitment
patterns include: a modification of the sex-ratio that now favours females,
the partial protection of the species against spear fishing through a
moratorium since 1993 (i.e., 10 years), and the recent warming of the
Mediterranean. Due to the life-span of the species E. marginatus
(more than 30 years) and the age of sex change (between 10 and 15 years
old), recent increase of young groupers abundance has still few effect
at a population level. Thus supporting the moratorium seems necessary
to sustain a well balanced grouper population in the future. |
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