|
Head,
team “Phylogenetic tests of evolutionary scenarios” in the
laboratory UMR 5202 CNRS Director,Programme pluriformation “Evolution and structure of the
ecosystems” (a grant of Ministry of Research 2004-2009,
hosted by the Muséum, aimed at enhancing historical studies on ecosystems
carried out by collaboration between 8 CNRS research teams)
Visit
the collections of cockroaches !
Université
Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) Muséum national d’Histoire
naturelle
- Phylogenetics and evolutionary
biology Phylogenies are not only
deciphering relationships between taxa but also permit to reconstruct some
evolutionary patterns for characters. This is the basis of comparative
biology where phylogenetics provide with evolutionary patterns for some
characters of interest. These patterns can be compared to the patterns
predicted by evolutionary models suggested previously, or they can be used to
propose some evolutionary models. Since the 80ies,
comparative biology has benefited from advances in phylogenetics, which
permitted to build phylogenetic trees in a repeatable and refutable way. My work dealt with
improving the methodology of the use of phylogenetics in evolutionary
biology. In that way, I listed the correspondences between phylogenetic
patterns and evolutionary processes, namely adaptation, convergence,
radiation, coadaptation, exaptation (Grandcolas et al., 1994).
Later, I showed that phylogenetics, when used in the framework of community
studies, deals with the regional level (not the local level), and that in
addition monophyletic groups should not be taken as ecological communities to
avoid ecological bias (Grandcolas, 1998b). Also, I
organized a symposium about the use of phylogenetics in evolutionary biology
which appeared as a collective book (Grandcolas, 1997g).
In this book, I and other colleagues showed what are the consequences of
inadequate sampling in accumulating comparative studies to draw general
conclusions about evolution (Grandcolas et al., 1997). More recently, I and
collaborators expanded and confronted the different strategies of excluding
vs. including the characters of interest for sake of logical independence
(not circularity, cf. Deleporte, 1993). We came to the conclusion that both
procedures are not acceptable on other basis than a priori examination of
“primary homology” of these characters (sensu De Pinna, 1991).
The other practices of excluding or including some characters, aimed at
avoiding errors of type I or type II, are limited by their inability to
identify the occurrence of these errors (Grandcolas et al., 2001). I come also to study one
of the most important evolutionary concepts – adaptation – which
explains the fit of organisms to their environment. Its study with
phylogenetics has been subject to various procedures some of which disregard
the principles of phylogenetics: for example, selective value – by
nature, a non-heritable feature – cannot be optimized on a phylogenetic
tree together with the character supposedly conferring this value (Grandcolas
& D’Haese, 2003). As a later methodological
contribution, we recently proposed a statistic, the geometric mean length
(GML), aimed at describing the evenness of character changes on a tree for a
given set of character optimizations (Grandcolas et al., 2004). - Evolution of
social behavior and resource use in cockroaches and termites Cockroaches, either
solitary, presocial or subsocial, are used since a long time as models for a
better understanding of the first stages of social evolution in termites. My
studies first stated that the most used cockroach model in this respect, Cryptocercus
spp., is not a relative of termites but a modern cockroach the attributes of
which (xylophagy, subsocial behavior, and intestinal flagellates) have been
convergently acquired (see especially, Grandcolas & Deleporte, 1992, 1996; Grandcolas, 1994e, 1996a, 1999b,c;
Grandcolas et al., 2001). The large amount of
evidence obtained in this respect has often been underestimated, with the remarkable
and rarely quoted example of peptides from corpora cardiaca whose
distribution is consistent with Cryptocercus being a polyphagid
cockroach (Gäde et al., 1997). This statement has been
feeding a controversy lasting since my first paper on that subject
(Grandcolas & Deleporte, 1992). Controversial
anatomical, molecular studies have been published, some of which I refuted
the results (Grandcolas, 1999a, 2000c;
Grandcolas & D’Haese, 2001).
Cryptocercus
punctulatus female with some larvae in the wood chamber ______________________________________________________________ At the present time, Cryptocercus
is still often taken naively as a model by homology for the first stages
of evolution in termites, which causes many misleading evolutionary
conclusions (e.g., Grandcolas & D’Haese, 2002,
2004). Recently, I and Roseli
Pellens discovered another interesting model of subsocial behavior associated
to wood-feeding and intestinal flagellates, Parasphaeria boleiriana
(Blaberidae, Zetoborinae) in Atlantic forest, Brazil (Grandcolas &
Pellens, 2002; Pellens et al., 2002;
Brugerolle et al., 2003).
Parasphaeria
boleiriana female in the wood chamber and one of the intestinal flagellate ___________________________________________________________________________ This new model bears
interesting conclusions for the study of evolution of social behavior and
permits to modify substantially the evolutionary hypothesis of “shift
in help and care” concerning the termites (Grandcolas et al., in prep.) Anyway, even disconnected
from the study of termites, cockroaches are by themselves interesting to
understand the evolution of presocial behavior. Studying the
interrelationships between social behavior, resource use (habitat) and
anti-predator behavior leads to the conclusion that presocial behavior
– though often complicated and integrated – has reversed and that
putative exaptations are manifold (Grandcolas, 1997b,
1998c).
Some
presocial cockroaches: Lanxoblatta emarginata larvae
in and Monastria biguttata (female and its brood) in _____________________________________________________________________________ - Taxonomy and
natural history of cockroaches All these evolutionary studies
pre-suppose many taxonomic and natural history studies on a group which is
still poorly known. Most cockroaches from the understory of tropical forests
are not described, since they were not trapped with the usual devices of the
entomologists from the good old days. And even the described genera and
species are not known from the point of view of their life habits. Filling
these gaps requires more than to borrow old materials in well-curated
Museums, but mainly to organize long field trips with careful night and day
sampling by visual examination and heuristic searches in natural biota. This way, I have been
undertaking both taxonomic revisions and natural history studies in French
Guiana (Grandcolas, 1991-1993), Brazil (Grandcolas
& Pellens, 2002; Pellens & Grandcolas, 2003), Gabon, Centrafrican Republic, the Middle East (Grandcolas, 1994d, 1994h, 1995c, 1997c,
1997d), New Caledonia (Grandcolas, 1997f;
Grandcolas et al., 2002) and East Asia (Grandcolas,
et al., 2001). A general phylogenetic
scheme has also been proposed for the cockroach families based on the
examination of a large sample of 221 genera (Grandcolas, 1996a).
A phylogenetic
tree of cockroach families based on morphological study of 221 genera (left,
Grandcolas, 1996a) Contrasted
with the well-known evolutionary tree of McKittrick (1964) on the right _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Several points
contrasting with the well-known study of McKittrick (1964) are worthwhile to
mention, including the position of Cryptocercus confirmed nested in
the Polyphagidae family, the paraphyly of the family Blattellidae which must
be split into a new monophyletic taxon, the family Blattellidae, and the new
family Pseudophyllodromiidae which is unexpectedly sister-group of the family
Blaberidae. This paraphyly was however already visible on the evolutionary
McKittrick’s tree even if she did not take it into account in her
taxonomic system.
Grandcolas, P. (1991). “ Descriptions de
nouvelles Zetoborinae Guyanaises avec quelques remarques sur la
sous-famille.” Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 95:
241-246. Grandcolas,
P. (1992a). “Paradicta, n.gen. et Neorhicnoda, n.gen.,
deux nouveaux genres de Blaberinae (Dict., Blattaria, Blaberidae).” Bulletin
de la Société entomologique de France 97: 7-15. Grandcolas,
P. (1992b). “Evolution du mode de vie, répartition et nouveaux taxons
dans le genre Xestoblatta Hebard, 1916 (Dictyoptera, Blattellidae,
Blattellinae).” Revue Française d'Entomologie (N.S.) 14:
155-168. Grandcolas, P. and P. Deleporte (1992). “La position
systématique de Cryptocercus Scudder, 1862 et ses implications
évolutives.” Comptes-Rendus
de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris 315: 317-322. Grandcolas,
P. (1993a). “Le genre Paramuzoa Roth, 1973: sa répartition et un
cas de xylophagie chez les Nyctiborinae (Dictyoptera, Blattaria).” Bulletin
de la Société Entomologique de France 98: 131-138. Grandcolas,
P. (1993b). “L'écologie de la répartition de Thanatophyllum akinetum
en Guyane française (Insecta, Blattaria).” Biogeographica 69:
73-86. Grandcolas,
P. (1993c). “Monophylie et structure phylogénétique des [Blaberinae +
Zetoborinae + Gyninae + Diplopterinae] (Dictyoptera : Blaberidae).” Annales
de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) 29: 195-222. Grandcolas,
P. (1993d). “The origin of
biological diversity in a tropical cockroach lineage: a phylogenetic analysis
of habitat choice and biome occupancy.” Acta Oecologica 14:
259-270. Grandcolas, P. (1993e).
“Habitats of solitary and gregarious species in the neotropical
Zetoborinae (Insecta, Blattaria).” Studies in Neotropical
Fauna and Environment 28: 179-190. Grandcolas,
P. (1993f). “Le genre Therea Billberg, 1820: position
phylogénétique, nouvelles espèces, répartition et valence écologique
(Dictyoptera, Blattaria, Polyphaginae).” Canadian Journal of Zoology 71:
1816-1822. Grandcolas,
P. (1993g). “La position phylogénétique de Miroblatta Shelford,
1906 et l'évolution de la plicature des ailes chez les Blattes (Dictyoptera:
Blattaria).” Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.)
29: 345-349. Grandcolas,
P. (1994a). “Analyse d'ouvrage: Nel, A., Paicheler, J.C. 1993.- Les
Isoptera fossiles. Etat actuel des connaissances, implications
paléoécologiques et paléoclimatologiques (Insecta, Dictyoptera). Cahiers de
Paléontologie, CNRS Ed.” Bulletin de la Société entomologique de
France 99: 92. Grandcolas,
P. (1994b). “La richesse spécifique des communautés de Blattes du
sous-bois en forêt tropicale de Guyane Française.” Revue d'Ecologie (Terre Vie) 49:
139-150. Grandcolas,
P. (1994c). “Les Blattes de la forêt tropicale de Guyane Française:
structure du peuplement (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattaria).” Bulletin
de la société Zoologique de France 119: 59-67. Grandcolas, P. (1994d). “Le genre Gyna: définition du
groupe oblonga et de ses espèces constituantes (Dictyoptera,
Blattaria).” Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 99:
287-293. Grandcolas, P. (1994e). “Phylogenetic systematics of the subfamily
Polyphaginae, with the assignment of Cryptocercus Scudder, 1862 to
this taxon (Blattaria, Blaberoidea, Polyphagidae).” Systematic
Entomology 19:
145-158. Grandcolas, P. (1994f). “Evidence for
hypopharynx protrusion and presumptive water vapour absorption in Heterogamisca
chopardi Uvarov, 1936 (Dictyoptera : Blattaria : Polyphaginae).” Annales
de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) 30:
361-362. Grandcolas,
P. (1994g). When did Cryptocercus
cockroaches get their Protozoa symbionts from Termites? Les Insectes sociaux.
12th Congress of the International Grandcolas, P. (1994h). Blattaria (Insecta: Dictyoptera) of Saudi
Arabia: a preliminary report. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, vol. 14. W.
Büttiker and F. Krupp. Riyadh, Basle, NCWCD, Pro Entomologia: 40-58. Grandcolas,
P. and P. Deleporte (1994). “Escape from predation by Army Ants in Lanxoblatta
cockroach larvae (Insecta, Blattaria, Zetoborinae).” Biotropica 26: 469-472. Grandcolas, P., P.
Deleporte,and L. Desutter-Grandcolas (1994). “Why to use phylogeny in evolutionary
ecology?” Acta Oecologica
15: 661-673. Grandcolas, P. (1995a). “Bionomics of a
desert cockroach, Heterogamisca chopardi Uvarov, 1936 after the spring
rainfalls in Grandcolas, P. (1995b). “The appearance
of xylophagy in cockroaches: two case studies with reference to
phylogeny.” Journal
of Orthoptera Research 4: 177-184. Grandcolas, P. (1995c). “Nouvelles données sur le genre Alloblatta
Grandcolas, 1993 (Dictyoptera, Blattaria).” Bulletin de la Société
entomologique de France 100: 341-346. Grandcolas,
P. (1995d). Phylogénie et origine de la Biodiversité. Systématique et
Biodiversité. Biosystema, vol. 13. T. Bourgoin. Paris, Société Française
de Systématique: 51-58. Greathead, D. J. and P. Grandcolas (1995).
“A new host association for the Bombyliidae (Diptera): an Exhyalanthrax
sp. reared from cockroach oothecae, Heterogamisca chopardi
(Dictyoptera: Polyphagidae) in Desutter-Grandcolas, L. and P. Grandcolas
(1996). “The evolution toward troglobitic life: a phylogenetic
reappraisal of climatic relict and local habitat shift hypotheses.” Mémoires de Biospéologie
23: 57-63. Grandcolas, P. (1996a). “The phylogeny of
cockroach families: a cladistic appraisal of morpho-anatomical data.” Canadian Journal of Zoology 74:
508-527. — PDF Grandcolas,
P. (1996b). “Les relations éphémères mère-jeunes chez Rhabdoblatta erubescens
(Gerstaecker, 1883) et leur rapport avec le comportement social (Blattaria,
Epilamprinae).” Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 101:
231-234. Grandcolas,
P. (1996c). “Habitat and population structure of Polyphaga
aegyptiaca.” Annales de la Société entomologique de France
(N.S.) 32: 201-205. Grandcolas, P., A. Dejean, and P. Deleporte
(1996). “The invading
parthenogenetic cockroach: a natural history comment on Parker and
Niklasson's study.” Journal
of Evolutionary Biology 9: 1023-1026. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and P.
Deleporte (1996). “The origin of Protistan symbionts in termites and
cockroaches: a phylogenetic analysis.” Cladistics 12: 93-98. — PDF Gäde, G., P. Grandcolas,
and R. Kellner (1997). “Structural data on hypertrehalosaemic
neuropeptides from Cryptocercus punctulatus and Therea petiveriana:
how do they fit into the phylogeny of cockroaches?” Proceedings of
the Royal Society of London, B 264: 763-768. — PDF Grandcolas, P. (1997a).
“The monophyly of the subfamily Perisphaeriinae (Dictyoptera:
Blattaria: Blaberidae).” Systematic
Entomology 22: 123-130. —
PDF Grandcolas, P. (1997b).
“Is presocial behaviour evolutionarily reversible in
cockroaches?” Ethology,
Ecology & Evolution 9: 69-76. Grandcolas, P. (1997c).
“Gyna gloriosa, a scavenger cockroach dependent on driver ants
in Grandcolas, P. (1997d).
“Habitat use and population structure of a polyphagine cockroach, Ergaula
capensis (Saussure 1893) (Blattaria Polyphaginae) in Gabonese
rainforest.” Tropical
Zoology 10: 215-222. Grandcolas, P. (1997e). What did the ancestors
of the woodroach Cryptocercus look like? A phylogenetic study of the
origin of subsociality in the subfamily Polyphaginae (Dictyoptera,
Blattaria). The origin of Biodiversity in Insects: phylogenetic tests of
evolutionary scenarios. P. Grandcolas. Paris, Mémoires du Muséum
national d'Histoire naturelle 173: 231-252. — WEB Grandcolas, P. (1997f). Systématique
phylogénétique de la sous-famille des Tryonicinae (Dictyoptera, Blattaria,
Blattidae). Zoologia Neocaledonica, Volume 4. J. Najt and L. Matile.
Paris, Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 171: 91-124. — WEB Grandcolas, P. (1997g).
Preface. The origin of biodiversity in Insects. Phylogenetic
tests of evolutionary scenarios. P. Grandcolas. Paris,
Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 173: 9-10. — WEB Grandcolas, P., P.
Deleporte, and L. Desutter-Grandcolas (1997). Testing evolutionary processes
with phylogenetic patterns: test power and test limitations. The origin of
Biodiversity in Insects: phylogenetic tests of evolutionary scenarios. P.
Grandcolas. Paris, Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 173: 53-71.
— WEB Grandcolas,
P., J. Minet, L. Desutter-Grandcolas, C. Daugeron, L. Matile, and T. Bourgoin
(1997). Linking phylogenetic
systematics to evolutionary biology: toward a research program in
Biodiversity. The origin of Biodiversity in Insects: phylogenetic tests of
evolutionary scenarios. P. Grandcolas. Paris, Mémoires du Muséum
national d'Histoire naturelle 173: 341-350. — WEB Grandcolas,
P. (1998a). Les Blattes. Copenhagen, Danemark, Organisation Mondiale
de la Santé. —
WEB Grandcolas, P. (1998b).
“Phylogenetic analysis and the study of community structure.” Oikos 82: 397-400. — HTML Grandcolas, P. (1998c).
“The evolutionary interplay of social behavior, resource use and
anti-predator behavior in Zetoborinae + Blaberinae + Gyninae + Diplopterinae
cockroaches: a phylogenetic analysis.” Cladistics 14: 117-127. — PDF Grandcolas, P. (1998d). “Domestic and
non-domestic cockroaches: facts versus received ideas.” Revue française d'Allergologie 38:
833-838. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and P. Deleporte (1998).
“Incubation of zigzag-shaped oothecae in some ovoviviparous cockroaches
Gyna capucina and G. henrardi (Blattaria: Blaberidae).” International Journal of Insect
Morphology & Embryology 27: 269-271. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and L. Desutter-Grandcolas
(1998). “Successful use of a deimatic display by the praying mantid Polyspilota
aeruginosa against the yellow-vented bulbul.” Annales
de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) 34:
335-336. — PDF Grandcolas,
P. (1999a). The origin of diversity
in cockroaches: a phylogenetic perspective of sociality, reproduction,
communication and ecology. Evolucion
y Filogenia de Arthropoda. A.
Melic, J. J. De Haro, M. Mendez and I. Ribera. Bol. SEA,
Zaragoza. 26: 397-420. Grandcolas, P. (1999b).
“Systematics, endosymbiosis, and biogeography of Cryptocercus
clevelandi and C. punctulatus (Blattaria: Polyphagidae) from North
America: a phylogenetic perspective.” Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 92: 285-291. — PDF Grandcolas, P. (1999c).
“Reconstructing the past of Cryptocercus (Blattaria:
Polyphagidae): phylogenetic histories and stories.” Ann.
Entomol. Soc. Amer. 92: 303-307. — PDF Grandcolas,
P. (2000a). Le caractère écologique ou éthologique en analyse phylogénétique
ou comment la systématique s'approprie enfin la biologie comparative. Caractères.
Biosystema, 18. V. Barriel and T. Bourgoin. Paris, SFS: 123-127. Grandcolas,
P. (2000b). “Cryptocercus matilei n.sp. du Sichuan de Chine
(Dictyoptera, Blattaria, Polyphaginae).” Revue Française
d'Entomologie (N.S.) 22(4): 223-226. — PDF Grandcolas, P. (2000c). “Description d'une
nouvelle espèce de Deropeltis (Dictyoptera, Blattaria, Blattidae) et intérêt
phylogénétique de la forme des paraproctes femelles chez les Blattes.” Zoosystema
22(4): 807-813. — PDF Grandcolas,
P. (2001). Quels dangers sanitaires une invasion de blattes
représente-t-elle? Tout ce que vous avez toujours voulu savoir sur les
sciences. Grandcolas, P., P.
Deleporte, L. Desutter-Grandcolas, and C. Daugeron (2001).
“Phylogenetics and ecology: as many characters as possible should be
included in the cladistic analysis.” Cladistics 17: 104-110. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and C.
D'Haese (2001). “The phylogeny of cockroach families: is the current
molecular hypothesis robust?” Cladistics
17: 48-55. — PDF Grandcolas,
P., Y. C. Park, J.C. Choe, M.D. Piulachs, X. Bellés, C. D'Haese, J.P. Farine,
and R. Brossut (2001). “What does Cryptocercus kyebangensis,
n.sp. from Deleporte, P., A. Dejean, P. Grandcolas and R.
Pellens. (2002). “Relationships between the parthenogenetic cockroach Pycnoscelus
surinamensis (Dictyoptera: Blaberidae) and ants (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae).” Sociobiology
39(2): 259-267. — PDF Farine, J. P., E. Semon, C. Everaerts, D.
Abed, P. Grandcolas, and R. Brossut (2002). “Defensive secretion of Therea
petiveriana: chemical identification and evidence of an alarm
function.” Journal
of Chemical Ecology 28(8): 1629-1640. — PDF Grandcolas,
P., X. Bellés, M.D. Piulachs and C. D’Haese (2002). Le
genre Lauraesilpha Grandcolas, 1997 : nouvelles espèces,
endémisme, séquences d’ARN ribosomique et caractères
d’appartenance aux Blattidae (Insectes, Dictyoptères, Blattidae,
Tryonicinae). Zoologia Neocaledonica 5. Systématique et endémisme en
Nouvelle-Calédonie. J. Najt and P. Grandcolas. Paris, Mémoires du Muséum
national d'Histoire naturelle. 187: 117-131. — PDF Grandcolas,
P. and C. D'Haese (2002). “The
origin of a 'true' worker caste in termites: phylogenetic evidence is not
decisive.” Journal of
evolutionary biology 15: 885-888. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and R. Pellens
(2002). “A new species of the cockroach genus Parasphaeria
(Dictyoptera: Blattaria: Blaberidae) from the Atlantic forest in Najt, J. and P. Grandcolas, Eds. (2002).
Zoologia Neocaledonica 5. Systématique et endémisme en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 187: 1-283. Paris. — WEB Pellens, R. Grandcolas P. & Domingos da Silva-Neto, I.
(2002). “A new and
independently evolved case of xylophagy and the presence of intestinal
flagellates in cockroaches: Parasphaeria boleiriana (Dictyoptera,
Blaberidae, Zetoborinae) from the remnants of Pellens, R. and P. Grandcolas. 2002. Are successful
colonizers necessarily invasive species? The case of the so-called invading
parthenogenetic cockroach, Pycnoscelus surinamensis, in the Brazilian
atlantic forest. Revue
d'Ecologie (Terre Vie) 57: 253-261. — PDF Van
Baaren, J., P. Deleporte, and P. Grandcolas (2002). “Cockroaches found in nests of Icteridae birds
in Van Baaren, J., P. Deleporte, P. Grandcolas,
V. Biquand, and .S. Park, Y. C., P. Grandcolas, and J.C.Choe
(2002). “Colony composition, social behavior and some ecological
characteristics of the Korean wood-feeding cockroach (Cryptocercus
kyebangensis).” Zoological Science
19(10): 1133-1139. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and C.
D'Haese (2003). “Testing adaptation with phylogeny: How to account for
phylogenetic pattern and selective value together?” Zoologica Scripta 32(5):
483-490. — PDF Grandcolas, P. (2003). “Exploring
biodiversity. Brooks, D. R. and D. A. McLennan (2002). The nature of
diversity. An Evolutionary Voyage of Discovery. Chicago, The Brugerolle, G., I. D. Silva-Neto, Pellens, R.
and Grandcolas, P. (2003). “Electron
microscopic identification of the intestinal protozoan flagellates of the
xylophagous cockroach Parasphaeria boleiriana from Pellens, R. and P.
Grandcolas. (2003). “Living in Atlantic forest fragments: life habits,
behaviour and colony structure of the cockroach Monastria biguttata (Dictyoptera,
Blaberidae, Blaberinae) in Espirito Santo, Brazil”. Canadian Journal of Zoology 82:
1929-1937. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and C. D'Haese (2004).
“The origin of a 'true' worker caste in termites: Mapping the real
world on the phylogenetic tree.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology
17: 461-463. — PDF Grandcolas, P., T. Robillard, C. D'Haese, L.
Desutter-Grandcolas, E. Guilbert and J. Murienne. (2004). “The
geometric mean length, a new statistic to describe the distribution of
character steps on a tree.” Cladistics 20:
219-222. — PDF Grandcolas, P., E. Guilbert, T. Robillard, C. D'Haese, J. Murienne and
F. Legendre. 2004. Mapping characters on a tree with or without the outgroups.
Cladistics 20: 579-582. — PDF Grandcolas, P. 2004. Abstracts of
the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Willi Hennig Society "Phylogenetics and Evolutionary
Biology". Cladistics 20: 583-608. —
PDF Desutter-Grandcolas, L., F.
Legendre, P. Grandcolas, T. Robillard and J. Murienne. 2005. Convergence and parallelism:
is a new life ahead of old concepts ? Cladistics 21: 51-61. —
PDF Pellens, R., P. Grandcolas and E.
Guilbert. 2005. Phylogenetic algorithms and the evolution of species
communities in forest fragments. Cladistics 21: 8-14. — PDF Najt, J., W. Weiner and P. Grandcolas.
2005. The phylogeny of Brachystomellidae (Collembola). Were the mandibles
ancestrally absent and did they re-appear in this family? Zoologica
Scripta
34: 305-312. — PDF Murienne, J., P. Grandcolas,
M. D. Piulachs, X. Bellés, C. D'Haese, F. Legendre, R. Pellens and E.
Guilbert. 2005.
Evolution on a shaky piece of Gondwana: is local endemism recent in Grandcolas, P., F. Legendre, Y. C. Park, X. Bellés,
J. Murienne, and R. Pellens. 2005. “The genus Cryptocercus in Grandcolas, P. and R. Pellens. 2005.
Book Review. Evolving sensu lato: all we need is systematics. Cladistics and
Archaeology. By M.J. O'Brien and R.L. Lyman. Hardback. ISBN 0-87480-775-1.
$35.00. The Desutter-Grandcolas,
L., F. Legendre, P. Grandcolas, T. Robillard and J. Murienne. 2007.
Distinguishing between convergence and parallelism is central to comparative
biology: a reply to Williams and Ebach. Cladistics
23: in press Robillard, T.,
F. Legendre, L. Desutter-Grandcolas and P. Grandcolas. 2006. Phylogenetic
analysis and alignment of behavioral sequences by direct optimization. Cladistics
22: 602-633 —
PDF Pellens, R., F.
Legendre and P. Grandcolas. 2007. Phylogenetic analysis of social behavior
evolution in [Zetoborinae + Blaberinae + Gyninae + Diplopterinae]
cockroaches: an update with the study of endemic radiations from the Atlantic
forest. Studies in Neotropical
Fauna and Environment 42: 25-31 —
PDF Pellens, R. and P.
Grandcolas. 2006. The conservation refugium value of small and disturbed
Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments for the endemic ovoviviparous cockroach Monastria
biguttata (Insecta: Dictyoptera, Blaberidae, Blaberinae). Zoological Science
: in press Pellens, R., C.
D'Haese, X. Bellés, M. D. Piulachs, F. Legendre, W. Wheeler and P.
Grandcolas. 2006. The evolutionary transition from subsocial to eusocial
behavior: phylogenetic and ecological evidence for modification of the
"shift-in-dependent-care" hypothesis with a new prototermite model.
Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution : in press — PDF Grandcolas, P.
and L. Deharveng. 2007. Miroblatta baai, a new very large cockroach
species from caves of Borneo (Blattaria: Blaberidae). Zootaxa 1390: 21-25. — PDF The “cladistics/cockroach connection”:
the people
NOW IN POST-DOC at G. Giribet lab, Harvard University ED 392 Diversité du Vivant,
Université Pierre et Marie Curie,
Paris 6 “Origin
of biodiversity in New-Caledonia: A phylogenetic approach of endemism and
ecological diversity in Dictyoptera” The phylogeny, the
distribution and the ecological diversity of a group of cockroaches
(subfamily Tryonicinae, sensu Grandcolas, 1997) is
studied to answer that question. This thesis has benefited from a Annette Kade Graduate Student
Fellowship Program of the American Museum of
Natural History in 2004 and has been defended on
Some
Tryonicinae cockroaches from Angustonicus
amieuensis Grandcolas, 1997, Lauraesilpha mearetoi Grandcolas,
1997, Pallidionicus
freycinetiae Grandcolas, 1997 _____________________________________________________________________________
Grandcolas, P., T. Robillard, C. D'Haese, L.
Desutter-Grandcolas, E. Guilbert and J. Murienne. (2004). “The
geometric mean length, a new statistic to describe the distribution of
character steps on a tree.” Cladistics 20:
219-222. — PDF Grandcolas, P., E. Guilbert, T. Robillard, C. D'Haese, J. Murienne
and F. Legendre. 2004. Mapping characters on a tree with or without the
outgroups. Cladistics 20: 579-582. — PDF Desutter-Grandcolas, L., F.
Legendre, P. Grandcolas, T. Robillard and J. Murienne. 2005.
Convergence and parallelism: is a new life ahead of old concepts ? Cladistics 21: 51-61. — PDF Murienne, J., P.
Grandcolas, M. D. Piulachs, X. Bellés, C. D'Haese, F. Legendre, R. Pellens
and E. Guilbert. 2005.
Evolution on a shaky piece of Gondwana: is local endemism recent in Grandcolas, P., F. Legendre, Y. C. Park, X. Bellés, J.
Murienne, and R. Pellens. 2005. “The genus Cryptocercus in Jager, M., J.
Murienne, C. Clabaut, J. Deutsch, H. Le Guyader and M. Manuel. 2006.
Homology of arthropod anterior appendages revealed by Hox gene expression in
a sea spider. Nature
441: 506-508 Manuel, M., M. Jager,
J. Murienne, C. Clabaut and H. Le Guyader. 2006. Hox genes in
sea spiders (Pycnogonida) and the homology of arthropod head segments. Development Genes and
Evolution 216 : 481-491
ED 392 Diversité du Vivant,
Université Pierre et Marie Curie,
Paris 6 Ph.D. Grant from the
Ministry of Research “A
phylogenetic analysis of social behavior in Dictyopteran Insects” The Order Dictyoptera
(cockroaches, termites, mantids) comprises solitary, gregarious, subsocial or
eusocial insects. The evolutionary transitions which occurred between these
different kinds of social behaviors are not well understood yet. The
present-day hypotheses are mostly based on phylogenetic studies the results
of which are unstable because of poor data or taxon samples. In addition,
accurate behavioral homologies are not considered and the behaviors are
treated merely as general syndromes mapped on already reconstructed trees.
Therefore, the study is aimed at re-examining all the previous hypotheses of
social behavior evolution in the light of new phylogenetic analyses based on
large data sets and of precise behavioral homologies. This thesis comes after a
Master report dealing with systematics and biogeography within the genus Cryptocercus.
Grandcolas, P., E. Guilbert, T. Robillard, C. D'Haese, J. Murienne and
F. Legendre. 2004. Mapping characters on a tree with or without the
outgroups. Cladistics 20: 579-582. —
PDF Desutter-Grandcolas, L., F.
Legendre, P. Grandcolas, T. Robillard and J. Murienne. 2005. Convergence
and parallelism: is a new life ahead of old concepts ? Cladistics 21: 51-61. — PDF Murienne, J., P. Grandcolas, M. D. Piulachs, X. Bellés, C.
D'Haese, F. Legendre, R. Pellens and E. Guilbert. 2005. Evolution on a shaky
piece of Gondwana: is local endemism recent in Grandcolas, P., F. Legendre, Y. C. Park, X.
Bellés, J. Murienne, and R. Pellens. 2005. “The genus Cryptocercus in
Robillard, T., F.
Legendre, L. Desutter-Grandcolas and P. Grandcolas. 2006. Phylogenetic
analysis and alignment of behavioral sequences by direct optimization. Cladistics
22: 602-633 —
PDF Desutter-Grandcolas,
L., F. Legendre, P. Grandcolas, T. Robillard and J. Murienne. 2007.
Distinguishing between convergence and parallelism is central to comparative
biology: a reply to Williams and Ebach. Cladistics
23: in press Pellens, R., F.
Legendre and P. Grandcolas. 2007. Phylogenetic analysis of social
behavior evolution in [Zetoborinae + Blaberinae + Gyninae + Diplopterinae]
cockroaches: an update with the study of endemic radiations from the Atlantic
forest. Studies in Neotropical
Fauna and Environment 42: 25-31 —
PDF Pellens, R., C.
D'Haese, X. Bellés, M. D. Piulachs, F. Legendre, W. Wheeler and P.
Grandcolas. 2006. The evolutionary transition from subsocial to eusocial
behavior: phylogenetic and ecological evidence for modification of the
"shift-in-dependent-care" hypothesis with a new prototermite model.
Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution : in press — PDF
NOW WITH A
CNPq grant at Museu Nacional, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro Post-doc Grant CNPq ( “Phylogenetic
analysis of communities and the effect of forest fragmentation” The post-doc is aimed at
implementing a method to study the macroevolution of communities which would
complement these approaches and would provide better hypotheses for the
history of species presence versus absence in communities. This method is to be
applied to insect communities which have been studied during a Ph.D. thesis
at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in the framework of a collaboration
program CNRS/CNPq involving the UMR 5202 CNRS. These communities are
located in a system of forest fragments in the state of Espirito Santo (
The
study site in by many
small forest fragments embedded in a matrix of plantations and urbanized areas
(picture World Wind, NASA©) ______________________________________________________________________ During that field research,
the ecology and systematics of forest cockroaches have also been studied to
provide a better knowledge on their life habits evolution and on the
population processes related to the forest fragmentation effect.
Pellens, R. and Pellens, R. and I. Garay. (1999). “Edaphic
macroarthropods communities in fast-growing plantations of Eucalyptus
grandis Hill ex Maid (Myrtaceae) and Acacia mangium Wild
(Leguminosae) in Primo, P. B. S. and R.
Pellens. 2000. A
situação atual das Unidades de Conservação do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A
situação atual das Unidades de Conservação do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Anais
do II Conresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação, Fundaçao Boticario de
Proteçao a natureza, Mato Grosso do Sul, pp. 628-637. — PDF Lemos, M. C., R. Pellens and C.
Lemos. 2001. Levantamento Florístico e perfil de duas matas litorâneas no
município de Maricá, RJ. Acta Botanica Brasilica 15: 321-334. — PDF Pellens, R. (2002).
“Fragmentação florestal em Mata Atlântica de Tabuleiros: os efeitos da
heterogeneidade da paisagem sobre a diversidade de artrópodos edáficos,
Fragmentação florestal em Mata Atlântica de Tabuleiros: os efeitos da
heterogeneidade da paisagem sobre a diversidade de artrópodos
edáficos”. Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Federal do Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 198. Deleporte, P., A. Dejean, P. Grandcolas and R.
Pellens. (2002).
“Relationships between the parthenogenetic cockroach Pycnoscelus surinamensis
(Dictyoptera: Blaberidae) and ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).” Sociobiology 39(2): 259-267. — PDF Pellens, R. 2002. Area de
proteção ambiental de Guapi-Mirim. Adaptado do diagnostico ambiental da APA
de Guapi-Mirim. Publicação do IBG realizada com recursos do IBAMA, Rio de
Janeiro. Grandcolas, P. and R. Pellens (2002). “A
new species of the cockroach genus Parasphaeria (Dictyoptera:
Blattaria: Blaberidae) from the Atlantic forest in Pellens, R. Grandcolas P. & Domingos da
Silva-Neto, Pellens, R. and P. Grandcolas. 2002. Are successful
colonizers necessarily invasive species? The case of the so-called invading
parthenogenetic cockroach, Pycnoscelus surinamensis, in the Brazilian
atlantic forest. Revue
d'Ecologie (Terre Vie) 57: 253-261. — PDF Brugerolle,
G., I. D. Silva-Neto, Pellens, R. and Grandcolas, P. (2003). “Electron microscopic identification of
the intestinal protozoan flagellates of the xylophagous cockroach Parasphaeria
boleiriana from Pellens, R. and P. Grandcolas. (2003). “Living
in Atlantic forest fragments: life habits, behaviour and colony structure of
the cockroach Monastria biguttata (Dictyoptera, Blaberidae,
Blaberinae) in Espirito Santo, Brazil”. Canadian Journal of Zoology 82:
1929-1937. — PDF Garay, Pellens, R. (2004). Nouvelles espèces d'Angustonicus (Insecta,
Dictyoptera, Blattaria, Tryonicinae) et endémisme du genre en
Nouvelle-Calédonie. Zoosystema 26: 307-314. — PDF Murienne, J., P. Grandcolas, M. D. Piulachs, X. Bellés, C.
D'Haese, F. Legendre, R. Pellens and E. Guilbert. 2005. Evolution on a shaky piece of
Gondwana: is local endemism recent in Grandcolas, P., F. Legendre, Y. C. Park, X. Bellés,
J. Murienne, and R. Pellens. 2005. “The genus Cryptocercus in Pellens, R., P. Grandcolas and E.
Guilbert. 2005. Phylogenetic algorithms and the evolution of species
communities in forest fragments. Cladistics 21: 8-14. — PDF Grandcolas, P. and R. Pellens.
2005. Book Review. Evolving sensu lato: all we need is systematics.
Cladistics and Archaeology. By M.J. O'Brien and R.L. Lyman. Hardback. ISBN
0-87480-775-1. $35.00. The Pellens, R., F.
Legendre and P. Grandcolas. 2007. Phylogenetic analysis of social behavior
evolution in [Zetoborinae + Blaberinae + Gyninae + Diplopterinae]
cockroaches: an update with the study of endemic radiations from the Atlantic
forest. Studies in Neotropical
Fauna and Environment 42: 25-31 —
PDF Pellens, R. and P.
Grandcolas. 2006. The conservation refugium value of small and disturbed
Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments for the endemic ovoviviparous cockroach Monastria
biguttata (Insecta: Dictyoptera, Blaberidae, Blaberinae). Zoological Science
: in press Pellens, R., C.
D'Haese, X. Bellés, M. D. Piulachs, F. Legendre, W. Wheeler and P.
Grandcolas. 2006. The evolutionary transition from subsocial to eusocial
behavior: phylogenetic and ecological evidence for modification of the
"shift-in-dependent-care" hypothesis with a new prototermite model.
Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution : in press — PDF |
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Cockroach collections of the Muséum national d’Histoire
naturelle, Paris The collections of
cockroaches of the Muséum of Paris are one of the largest and more representative
in the world with more than 40,000 specimens and 350 species the types of
which are deposited.
A view
of half the collections (about 40,000 specimens and the types of 350 species
in 500 boxes) _______________________________________________________________________________________ These
collections originated in the 19th century with early naturalists
like Serville or de Saussure many types of which are housed still now
but they greatly extended in the 20th century because of the
long-lasting activity of Lucien Chopard, Professeur at the Muséum, who
curated the Orthopteroid section during several decades. He collected, sorted
and described many specimens, bringing the collections to their outstanding
present international level. At that time, the collections have also
benefited from exchanges and international expertises with Morgan Hebard and
James Rehn who curated the other large worldwide dominant Orthopteroid
collection at the Academy of natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Later in the
80ies, Louis M. Roth has also contributed by sorting and revising
large samples of Blattellid and Panesthiinae cockroaches. Since the 90ies,
Philippe Grandcolas is the curator of Dictyoptera collections, cockroaches
and mantids together (these later ones are worked out by Roger Roy, a retired
scientist formerly from IFAN) and has increased the collections according to
his own research directions and areas of expertise. More than 20 field trips
have been realized in Central and South America, Central and East Africa, The
Middle East, East Asia, Oceania which permitted to collect many specimens. According to
all these inputs, the collections have large samples from any region of the
world, but are remarkably rich and representative for Africa and South
America. The primary
and secondary types of the collections: An exhaustive
catalogue is currently being implemented, but a preliminary list of types is
provided here as an acrobat pdf file to download. This
list is NOT complete nor definitive (especially for old types) and is only
intended to help scientist interested in locating types. The types are listed according to the family and subfamily names used
by Grandcolas (1996a, 1997a) and each
species name has only one entry. Families and subfamilies are sorted by
alphabetical order. Specimens sequenced whose vouchers are present in the collections: Some recent studies (e.g. Grandcolas et al., 2001;
Grandcolas et al., 2002; Murienne et al., 2005)
have used nucleotide sequences obtained in collaboration with CSIC (Dpt.
Physiology and Molecular Biodiversity, Xavier Bellés) which can be retrieved
in the EMBL nucleotide databases
searching with the keyword <Grandcolas>. These sequences have been
obtained with specimens which are deposited in the collections and identified
as vouchers for these sequences. The species sequenced until now are (many additional ones will be
available soon):
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